waiting for summer Giuseppe Michieli<p><a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/Birdflu" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Birdflu</span></a> detected in <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/cats" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>cats</span></a> for first time in <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/Belgium" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Belgium</span></a> – experts now also observe <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/rodents" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>rodents</span></a>, <a href="https://www.grenzecho.net/119900/artikel/2025-03-06/vogelgrippe-belgien-erstmals-bei-katzen-nachgewiesen-experten-beobachten-jetzt" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">grenzecho.net/119900/artikel/2</span><span class="invisible">025-03-06/vogelgrippe-belgien-erstmals-bei-katzen-nachgewiesen-experten-beobachten-jetzt</span></a> </p><p>For the first time, bird flu has been detected in cats in Belgium. Two animals from Sint-Gillis-Waas in the province of East Flanders probably became infected on a <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/poultry" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>poultry</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/farm" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>farm</span></a>. In order to better understand the spread of the virus, the national health institute Sciensano now wants to examine rats and mice as well.</p>
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#poultry
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Infinity Counter 🟦<p>"the . . . administration is preparing a plan for combatting avian flu that will move away from depopulating entire infected flocks and rely instead on ‘biosecurity and medication’ to contain outbreaks.”</p><p><a href="https://lor.sh/tags/FarmPolicyNews" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>FarmPolicyNews</span></a> <a href="https://lor.sh/tags/BirdFlu" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>BirdFlu</span></a> <a href="https://lor.sh/tags/AvianInfluenza" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AvianInfluenza</span></a> <a href="https://lor.sh/tags/H5N1" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>H5N1</span></a> <a href="https://lor.sh/tags/Biosecurity" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Biosecurity</span></a> <a href="https://lor.sh/tags/Poultry" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Poultry</span></a> <br><a href="https://farmpolicynews.illinois.edu/2025/02/trump-admin-shifting-away-from-depopulation-for-bird-flu/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">farmpolicynews.illinois.edu/20</span><span class="invisible">25/02/trump-admin-shifting-away-from-depopulation-for-bird-flu/</span></a></p>
Rancho de la Libertad<p>Spring & new life arriving. Our first flock of new chickens brooding in the chirping rave cave, getting taller by the hour and more feathered every day. </p><p>These are Naked Necks, with another flock of Rhode Island Reds to be our foragers in the mobile coop coming in April. </p><p><a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/Chickens" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Chickens</span></a> <a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/Chickenstodon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Chickenstodon</span></a> <a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/Poultry" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Poultry</span></a> <a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/RanchoDeLaLibertad" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>RanchoDeLaLibertad</span></a> <a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/Sustainability" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Sustainability</span></a> <a href="https://climatejustice.social/tags/Homesteading" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Homesteading</span></a></p>
Alex@rtnVFRmedia Suffolk UK<p>1.8 million <a href="https://social.tchncs.de/tags/farmed" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>farmed</span></a> <a href="https://social.tchncs.de/tags/birds" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>birds</span></a> have been <a href="https://social.tchncs.de/tags/culled" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>culled</span></a> in <a href="https://social.tchncs.de/tags/UK" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>UK</span></a> as part of <a href="https://social.tchncs.de/tags/birdflu" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>birdflu</span></a> precautions, and restriction zones exist in several areas (there are 20 million farmed birds produced every week, about a third of the human population)</p><p>As yet it has not affected the price of <a href="https://social.tchncs.de/tags/eggs" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>eggs</span></a> or <a href="https://social.tchncs.de/tags/poultry" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>poultry</span></a> or caused major disruption even in rural areas (there are less warning signs and checkpoints around than in the previous outbreaks)</p><p><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c391mpmr81xo" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c391mp</span><span class="invisible">mr81xo</span></a></p>
GrrlScientist ⧖ Ⓥ :verified:<p>wow! let the mass murder of innocents continue ...</p><p>Confirmations of Highly Pathogenic <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/AvianInfluenza" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AvianInfluenza</span></a> in Commercial & Backyard Flocks, 17.80 MILLION affected & murdered</p><p><a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/HPAI" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HPAI</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/BirdFlu" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>BirdFlu</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/AvianFlu" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AvianFlu</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/chickens" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>chickens</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/poultry" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>poultry</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/GoVegan" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>GoVegan</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/politics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>politics</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/AnimalRights" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AnimalRights</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/AnimalWelfare" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AnimalWelfare</span></a> <a href="https://www.aphis.usda.gov/livestock-poultry-disease/avian/avian-influenza/hpai-detections/commercial-backyard-flocks" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">aphis.usda.gov/livestock-poult</span><span class="invisible">ry-disease/avian/avian-influenza/hpai-detections/commercial-backyard-flocks</span></a></p>
Giuseppe Michieli<p><a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/H5N1" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>H5N1</span></a> avian <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/influenza" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>influenza</span></a> virus detected for the first time in commercial <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/poultry" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>poultry</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/farms" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>farms</span></a> in a major <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/US" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>US</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/broiler" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>broiler</span></a>-producing state, <a href="https://news.cnr.cn/sq/20250118/t20250118_527045132.shtml" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">news.cnr.cn/sq/20250118/t20250</span><span class="invisible">118_527045132.shtml</span></a> </p><p>Agricultural officials in Georgia, announced that H5N1 avian influenza virus had been detected in commercial poultry farms for the first time since outbreak began in 2022. All commercial poultry farms within a radius of about 10 kilometers have been closed and quarantined and monitored for at least two weeks.</p>
Giuseppe Michieli<p><a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/USA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>USA</span></a>, <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/Michigan" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Michigan</span></a>: {Oakland County} Health Division: 11 people under health <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/surveillance" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>surveillance</span></a> after contact with <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/H5N1" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>H5N1</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/birdflu" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>birdflu</span></a> infected <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/poultry" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>poultry</span></a>, <a href="https://etidiohnew.blogspot.com/2025/01/usa-michigan-oakland-county-health.html" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">etidiohnew.blogspot.com/2025/0</span><span class="invisible">1/usa-michigan-oakland-county-health.html</span></a></p>
Dorothea Lange<p>Real estate sign along the highway on which hundreds of drought refugees and migrant workers travel. Riverside County, California </p><p> <a href="https://mastodon.ozioso.online/tags/RiversideCounty" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>RiversideCounty</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ozioso.online/tags/California" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>California</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ozioso.online/tags/ALITTLEFARM" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ALITTLEFARM</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ozioso.online/tags/POULTRY" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>POULTRY</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ozioso.online/tags/undefined" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>undefined</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ozioso.online/tags/photography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>photography</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ozioso.online/tags/DorotheaLange" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>DorotheaLange</span></a> </p><p><a href="https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2017769760/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">loc.gov/pictures/item/20177697</span><span class="invisible">60/</span></a></p>
Giuseppe Michieli<p>Spatio-temporal <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/dynamics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>dynamics</span></a> and <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/risk" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>risk</span></a> cluster <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/analysis" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>analysis</span></a> of highly pathogenic avian <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/influenza" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>influenza</span></a> (<a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/H5N1" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>H5N1</span></a>) in <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/poultry" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>poultry</span></a>: Advancing <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/outbreak" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>outbreak</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/management" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>management</span></a> through customized regional strategies in <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/Egypt" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Egypt</span></a>, <a href="https://etidiohnew.blogspot.com/2024/12/spatio-temporal-dynamics-and-risk.html" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">etidiohnew.blogspot.com/2024/1</span><span class="invisible">2/spatio-temporal-dynamics-and-risk.html</span></a></p>
ETIDIoH<p><strong><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/molecular/" target="_blank">#Molecular</a> characterisation of novel #reassortants of the G57 #genotype of low-pathogenic avian <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/influenza-2/" target="_blank">#influenza</a> #H9N2 virus isolated from <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/poultry-2/" target="_blank">#poultry</a> #farms in #Malaysia</strong></p><p>Source: Archives of Virology, <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00705-024-06159-4" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00705-024-06159-4</a> </p><p><strong><em><span>Abstract</span></em></strong><br>In late 2017, <strong>Malaysia reported repeated outbreaks of low-pathogenic avian influenza virus </strong>(LPAI) <strong>H9N2 infections </strong>in <strong>commercial poultry flocks</strong>. Two <strong>H9N2 </strong>viruses, A/chicken/Malaysia/Negeri Sembilan/UPM994/2018 and A/chicken/Malaysia/Johore/UPM2033/2019, which were isolated from <strong>breeder and layer flocks in Peninsular Malaysia</strong>, were characterised in this study. <strong>Phylogenetic analysis </strong>revealed that both viruses were <strong>multiple-genotype reassortant strains </strong>with genes originating from <strong>Y280-like </strong>(HA gene), <strong>F/98-like </strong>(NS, NP and PA), <strong>G1-like </strong>(M and PB2), and <strong>Korean-like </strong>(PB1) <strong>lineages</strong>, indicating that they belong to <strong>a novel genotype </strong>that is divergent from the <strong>G57 </strong>lineage of Chinese origin. Both isolates were predicted to have a <strong>dibasic cleavage site </strong>(333-PSRSSRGLF-341) in the HA gene cleavage locations. Thus, the novel Malaysian H9N2 strain is a <strong>Y280-like virus </strong>resembling H9N2 isolates from <strong>Indonesia</strong>, <strong>Taiwan, Japan</strong>, and <strong>Cambodia</strong>. This virus is of the G57 lineage but has a novel genotype of the PB1 gene originating from a Korean-lineage H9N2 virus, which has not been detected before in the region.</p><p>____</p><p><span></span></p><p><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/ah9n2-2/" target="_blank">#aH9n2</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/abstract/" target="_blank">#abstract</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/avian-influenza-2/" target="_blank">#avianInfluenza</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/genetics-2/" target="_blank">#genetics</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/health/" target="_blank">#health</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/influenza-2/" target="_blank">#influenza</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/malaysia-2/" target="_blank">#malaysia</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/news/" target="_blank">#news</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/poultry-2/" target="_blank">#poultry</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/reassortant-strain/" target="_blank">#REASSORTANTSTRAIN</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/research-2/" target="_blank">#research</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/science/" target="_blank">#science</a></p>
ETIDIoH<p><strong>#Transmission #dynamics of highly pathogenic avian <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/influenza-2/" target="_blank">#influenza</a> virus at the <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/wildlife/" target="_blank">#wildlife</a> – <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/poultry-2/" target="_blank">#poultry</a> – #environmental #interface: A case study</strong></p><p>Source: OneHealth, <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352771424002581?via%3Dihub" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352771424002581?via%3Dihub</a> </p><p><strong><em><span>Abstract</span></em></strong><br>Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) regularly circulate between <strong>wild and domestic bird populations</strong>. Following several high-profile outbreaks, <strong>highly pathogenic AIVs (HPAIV) with zoonotic potential have been the subject of increasing attention</strong>. While we know that HPAIV is <strong>transmitted between domestic birds, wildlife, and the environment</strong>, little is known about <strong>persistence and spillover/back at these interfaces</strong>. We integrated the <strong>test results of samples </strong>collected on and around <strong>an infected domestic poultry premise </strong>(IP) where <strong>H5N1 HPAIV </strong>was confirmed in a <strong>flock of poultry </strong>in 2022 in <strong>Southern Ontario, Canada </strong>to explore the <strong>transmission cycle </strong>of AIVs in <strong>wildlife </strong>and the <strong>environment</strong>. We sampled <strong>a captive flock of Mallards </strong>(Anas platyrhynchos) that resided on site, <strong>sediment samples </strong>collected from <strong>water bodies </strong>on site, and examined samples collected through surveillance within a 100 km radius of the IP from live wild ducks and sick and dead wildlife. We found <strong>serologic evidence of H5 exposure </strong>in the <strong>captive mallards </strong>that resided on site despite <strong>no evidence of morbidity or mortality </strong>in these birds and <strong>no PCR positive detections </strong>from samples collected at two different timepoints. <strong>Genetic material </strong>from the same H5N1 HPAIV subtype circulating in the domestic birds and from low pathogenicity avian influenza viruses were <strong>detected in wetlands on site</strong>. The results of <strong>live and sick and dead surveillance </strong>conducted within <strong>a 100 km radius </strong>confirmed that the <strong>virus was circulating in wildlife </strong>before and after IP confirmation. These results suggest that <strong>biosecurity remains </strong>the most critical aspect of minimising spillover/back risk in a virus that has been shown to circulate in <strong>asymptomatic wild birds </strong>and <strong>persist in the surrounding environment</strong>.</p><p>___</p><p><span></span></p><p><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/ah5n1-2/" target="_blank">#aH5n1</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/abstract/" target="_blank">#abstract</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/avian-influenza-2/" target="_blank">#avianInfluenza</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/avian-influenza/" target="_blank">#AVIANINFLUENZA</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/bird-flu/" target="_blank">#birdFlu</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/canada-2/" target="_blank">#canada</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/h5n1/" target="_blank">#h5n1</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/health/" target="_blank">#health</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/news/" target="_blank">#news</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/ontario-2/" target="_blank">#ontario</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/poultry-2/" target="_blank">#poultry</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/research-2/" target="_blank">#research</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/wild-birds/" target="_blank">#WILDBIRDS</a></p>
Politico.eu (Unofficial RSS)Franco-German fight over South American trade deal threatens EU rupture <a href="https://www.politico.eu/article/france-germany-fight-over-south-american-trade-deal-mercosur-threatens-eu-rupture/?utm_source=RSS_Feed&utm_medium=RSS&utm_campaign=RSS_Syndication" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://www.politico.eu/article/france-germany-fight-over-south-american-trade-deal-mercosur-threatens-eu-rupture/?utm_source=RSS_Feed&utm_medium=RSS&utm_campaign=RSS_Syndication</a> <a class="hashtag" href="https://social.espeweb.net/tag/agricultureandfood" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#AgricultureandFood</a> <a class="hashtag" href="https://social.espeweb.net/tag/electricvehicles" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#Electricvehicles</a> <a class="hashtag" href="https://social.espeweb.net/tag/tradeagreements" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#TradeAgreements</a> <a class="hashtag" href="https://social.espeweb.net/tag/dumping" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#Dumping</a>/Duties <a class="hashtag" href="https://social.espeweb.net/tag/sustainability" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#Sustainability</a> <a class="hashtag" href="https://social.espeweb.net/tag/manufacturing" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#Manufacturing</a> <a class="hashtag" href="https://social.espeweb.net/tag/negotiations" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#Negotiations</a> <a class="hashtag" href="https://social.espeweb.net/tag/southamerica" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#SouthAmerica</a> <a class="hashtag" href="https://social.espeweb.net/tag/agriculture" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#Agriculture</a> <a class="hashtag" href="https://social.espeweb.net/tag/americas" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#Americas</a> <a class="hashtag" href="https://social.espeweb.net/tag/mercosur" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#Mercosur</a> <a class="hashtag" href="https://social.espeweb.net/tag/research" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#Research</a> <a class="hashtag" href="https://social.espeweb.net/tag/tradewar" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#Tradewar</a> <a class="hashtag" href="https://social.espeweb.net/tag/farmers" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#farmers</a> <a class="hashtag" href="https://social.espeweb.net/tag/imports" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#Imports</a> <a class="hashtag" href="https://social.espeweb.net/tag/markets" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#Markets</a> <a class="hashtag" href="https://social.espeweb.net/tag/opinion" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#opinion</a> <a class="hashtag" href="https://social.espeweb.net/tag/poultry" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#Poultry</a> <a class="hashtag" href="https://social.espeweb.net/tag/tradeuk" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#TradeUK</a> <a class="hashtag" href="https://social.espeweb.net/tag/crisis" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#Crisis</a> <a class="hashtag" href="https://social.espeweb.net/tag/war" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#War</a>
Giuseppe Michieli<p><a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/NZ" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>NZ</span></a> suspends <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/poultry" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>poultry</span></a> exports after first case of <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/H7" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>H7</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/birdflu" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>birdflu</span></a> {virus infection}</p><p>Source: Reuters, {Excerpt} (...) Tests confirmed the H7N6 subtype of bird flu at a rural chicken farm in the Otago region, Biosecurity New Zealand said in a statement. It is different to the H5N1 strain that has spread globally and raised fears of human transmission. (...) our testing shows it is unrelated to a H7 strain that was identified in Australia earlier this year," Biosecurity New…</p><p><a href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/2024/12/02/nz-suspends-poultry-exports-after-first-case-of-h7-birdflu-virus-infection/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">etidioh.wordpress.com/2024/12/</span><span class="invisible">02/nz-suspends-poultry-exports-after-first-case-of-h7-birdflu-virus-infection/</span></a></p>
ETIDIoH<p><strong>Analyzing <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/molecular/" target="_blank">#Molecular</a> #Traits of #H9N2 Avian <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/influenza-2/" target="_blank">#Influenza</a> Virus Isolated from a Same <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/poultry-2/" target="_blank">#Poultry</a> #Farm in West <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/java-2/" target="_blank">#Java</a> Province, <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/indonesia-2/" target="_blank">#Indonesia</a>, in 2017 and 2023</strong></p><p>Source: F1000 Research, <a href="https://f1000research.com/articles/13-571/v2" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://f1000research.com/articles/13-571/v2</a> </p><p><strong><em><span>Abstract</span></em></strong><br><span>Background</span><br>Indonesia is one of the countries that is <strong>endemic to avian influenza virus subtype H9N2</strong>. This study aims to compare the <strong>molecular characteristics </strong>of avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H9N2 from West Java.</p><p><span>Methods</span><br>Specific pathogen-free (SPF) <strong>embryonated chicken eggs </strong>were used to <strong>inoculate samples</strong>. <strong>RNA extraction and RT–qPCR </strong>confirmed the presence of H9 and N2 genes in the samples. RT–PCR was employed to amplify the H9N2-positive sample. <strong>Nucleotide sequences </strong>were obtained through Sanger sequencing and analyzed using MEGA 7. <strong>Homology comparison and phylogenetic tree analysis</strong>, utilizing the neighbor-joining tree method, assessed the recent isolate’s similarity to reference isolates from GenBank. <strong>Molecular docking analysis </strong>was performed on the HA1 protein of the recent isolate and the A/Layer/Indonesia/WestJava-04/2017 isolate, comparing their interactions with the sialic acids Neu5Ac2-3Gal and Neu5Ac2-6Gal.</p><p><span>Results</span><br>RT–qPCR confirmed the isolate samples as AIV subtype H9N2. The <strong>recent virus exhibited 11 amino acid residue differences </strong>compared to the A/Layer/Indonesia/WestJava-04/2017 isolate. Phylogenetically, the <strong>recent virus remains within the h9.4.2.5 subclade</strong>. Notably, at <strong>antigenic site II</strong>, the recent isolate featured <strong>an amino acid N at position 183</strong>, unlike A/Layer/Indonesia/WestJava-04/2017. <strong>Molecular docking </strong>analysis revealed a preference of <strong>HA1 from the 2017 virus for Neu5Ac2-3Gal</strong>, while the <strong>2023 virus displayed a tendency to predominantly bind with Neu5Ac2-6Gal</strong>.</p><p><span>Conclusion</span><br>In summary, the <strong>recent isolate displayed multiple mutations and a strong affinity for Neu5Ac2-6Gal</strong>, commonly found in <strong>mammals</strong>.</p><p>____</p><p><span></span></p><p><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/ah9n2-2/" target="_blank">#aH9n2</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/abstract/" target="_blank">#abstract</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/avian-influenza-2/" target="_blank">#avianInfluenza</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/avian-influenza/" target="_blank">#AVIANINFLUENZA</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/bird-flu/" target="_blank">#birdFlu</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/health/" target="_blank">#health</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/indonesia-2/" target="_blank">#indonesia</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/news/" target="_blank">#news</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/poultry-2/" target="_blank">#poultry</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/research-2/" target="_blank">#research</a></p>
ETIDIoH<p><strong>#Reassortment of newly emergent clade 2.3.4.4b A(#H5N1) highly pathogenic avian <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/influenza-2/" target="_blank">#influenza</a> A viruses in #Bangladesh.</strong></p><p>Source: Emerging Microbes and Infections, <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/22221751.2024.2432351" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/22221751.2024.2432351</a> </p><p><strong><em><span>Abstract</span></em></strong><br>Avian influenza <strong>active surveillance </strong>was conducted in <strong>Bangladesh </strong>from January 2022 to November 2023 in <strong>live-poultry markets </strong>(LPMs) and <strong>Tanguar Haor wetlands</strong>. The predominant viruses circulating in LPMs were <strong>low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) A(H9N2) </strong>and <strong>clade 2.3.2.1a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) </strong>viruses. <strong>Non-H9N2 LPAIs </strong>were found at <strong>Tanguar Haor </strong>and at a lower prevalence in LPMs. Starting from June 2023, we detected <strong>novel genotypes of clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N1) viruses </strong>from <strong>ducks </strong>in LPMs. The HA, NA, and M genes of these viruses are related to those of 2020 European <strong>clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 viruses </strong>such as <strong>A/Eurasian wigeon/Netherlands/1/2020 </strong>(Netherlands/1). However, analyses of the other <strong>five gene segments’ sequences </strong>identified three distinct genotypes (BD-G2, BD-G3, and BD-G4). BD-G2 viruses were closely related to the <strong>clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 viruses </strong>that have been detected in <strong>Japan </strong>and nearby regions since November 2022. BD-G3 viruses were <strong>reassortants</strong>, with gene segments from other <strong>Eurasian LPAI viruses</strong>. BD-G4 viruses were similar to BD-G2 viruses, but their NS gene was accrued from contemporary Bangladeshi <strong>clade 2.3.2.1a A(H5N1) </strong>viruses. The ability of any of the clade 2.3.4.4b viruses to displace the long-entrenched 2.3.2.1a A(H5N1) viruses in Bangladesh is unknown.</p><p>____</p><p><span></span></p><p><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/ah5n1-2/" target="_blank">#aH5n1</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/abstract/" target="_blank">#abstract</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/avian-influenza-2/" target="_blank">#avianInfluenza</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/avian-influenza/" target="_blank">#AVIANINFLUENZA</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/bangladesh/" target="_blank">#BANGLADESH</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/bird-flu/" target="_blank">#birdFlu</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/h5n1/" target="_blank">#h5n1</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/health/" target="_blank">#health</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/news/" target="_blank">#news</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/poultry-2/" target="_blank">#poultry</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/reassortant-strain/" target="_blank">#REASSORTANTSTRAIN</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/research-2/" target="_blank">#research</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/wild-birds/" target="_blank">#WILDBIRDS</a></p>
ETIDIoH<p><strong>One <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/health/" target="_blank">#health</a>, one <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/flu/" target="_blank">#flu</a>: the re-emergence of avian #influenza</strong></p><p>Source: Lancet Respiratory Medicine, <a href="https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanres/article/PIIS2213-2600(24)00375-8/fulltext?rss=yes" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanres/article/PIIS2213-2600(24)00375-8/fulltext?rss=yes</a> </p><p>{Excerpt}</p><p><strong>As the Northern Hemisphere heads into the winter season</strong>, we have an <strong>increased risk of catching influenza </strong>and other respiratory illnesses. But while the focus is mostly on <strong>human viruses</strong>, some <strong>animal viruses </strong>also thrive. <strong>Two US states </strong>affected by avian influenza outbreaks in <strong>dairy cattle and poultry </strong>have recently reported <strong>H5N1 influenza infections in seven farm workers</strong>, <strong>four in California and three in Washington</strong>, raising the current number of people infected with the H5N1 virus this year to 46 in the USA. Of note, according to the US Department of Agriculture, <strong>a pig on a farm in Oregon was also infected </strong>with the virus at the end of October; the first known case of H5N1 in pigs in the US. All of the farm workers reported <strong>mild symptoms of eye redness, conjunctivitis, and, in some cases, mild upper respiratory symptoms</strong>. More recently, the Public Health Agency of <strong>Canada confirmed a human case of avian influenza </strong>in Canada, <strong>a teen with no previous contact with a farm developed conjunctivitis, fever, and cough, and was hospitalised with acute respiratory distress syndrome</strong>.</p><p>(…)</p><p>____</p><p><span></span></p><p><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/ah5n1-2/" target="_blank">#aH5n1</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/avian-influenza-2/" target="_blank">#avianInfluenza</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/avian-influenza/" target="_blank">#AVIANINFLUENZA</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/bird-flu/" target="_blank">#birdFlu</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/canada-2/" target="_blank">#canada</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/dairy-cow/" target="_blank">#dairyCow</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/h5n1/" target="_blank">#h5n1</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/health/" target="_blank">#health</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/human-2/" target="_blank">#human</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/news/" target="_blank">#news</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/poultry-2/" target="_blank">#poultry</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/research-2/" target="_blank">#research</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/usa/" target="_blank">#USA</a></p>
ETIDIoH<p><strong>Dual #receptor-binding, #infectivity, and #transmissibility of an emerging #H2N2 low pathogenicity avian <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/influenza-2/" target="_blank">#influenza</a> virus</strong></p><p>Source: Nature Communications, <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-54374-z" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-54374-z</a> </p><p><strong><em><span>Abstract</span></em></strong><br>The <strong>1957 H2N2 influenza pandemic virus </strong>[A(H2N2)pdm1957] has <strong>disappeared </strong>from humans since 1968, while <strong>H2N2 avian influenza viruses </strong>(AIVs) are still circulating in birds. It is necessary to reveal the <strong>recurrence risk and potential cross-species infection </strong>of these AIVs from avian to mammals. We find that <strong>H2 AIVs </strong>circulating in <strong>domestic poultry in China </strong>have <strong>genetic and antigenic differences </strong>compared to the <strong>A(H2N2)pdm1957. </strong>One H2N2 AIV has a <strong>dual receptor-binding property </strong>similar to that of the A(H2N2)pdm1957. Molecular and structural studies reveal that the <strong>N144S</strong>, and <strong>N144E </strong>or <strong>R137M substitutions in hemagglutinin (HA) </strong>enable H2N2 avian or human viruses to <strong>bind or preferentially bind human-type receptor</strong>. The H2N2 AIV <strong>rapidly adapts to mice </strong>(female) and <strong>acquires mammalian-adapted mutations </strong>that facilitated transmission in guinea pigs and <strong>ferrets </strong>(female). These findings on the receptor-binding, infectivity, transmission, and mammalian-adaptation characteristics of H2N2 AIVs provide a reference for early-warning and prevention for this subtype.</p><p>_____</p><p><span></span></p><p><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/ah2n2-2/" target="_blank">#aH2n2</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/abstract/" target="_blank">#abstract</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/avian-influenza-2/" target="_blank">#avianInfluenza</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/avian-influenza/" target="_blank">#AVIANINFLUENZA</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/bird-flu/" target="_blank">#birdFlu</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/china-2/" target="_blank">#china</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/health/" target="_blank">#health</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/news/" target="_blank">#news</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/poultry-2/" target="_blank">#poultry</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/research-2/" target="_blank">#research</a></p>
ETIDIoH<p><strong>#Global #risk #mapping of highly pathogenic avian <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/influenza-2/" target="_blank">#influenza</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/h5n1/" target="_blank">#H5N1</a> and H5Nx in the light of #epidemic episodes occurring from 2020 onward</strong></p><p>Source: BioRxIV, <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.11.15.623755v1?rss=1" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.11.15.623755v1?rss=1</a> </p><p><strong><em><span>Abstract</span></em></strong><br>Avian influenza (AI) is a highly contagious viral disease affecting <strong>poultry and wild water birds</strong>, posing significant <strong>global challenges due to its high mortality rates and economic impacts</strong>. Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks, particularly those caused by H5N1 and its variants, have surged since their first occurrence in 1959. The <strong>HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b viruses have notably expanded its geographical reach</strong>, affecting numerous countries, diverse avian species, and now wild and domestic mammals. Using an ecological niche modelling approach, this study aims to elucidate the <strong>environmental factors associated with the increased HPAI H5 cases since 2020</strong>, investigate potential shifts in ecological niches, and predict new areas suitable for local viral circulation. Focusing on H5N1 and H5Nx strains, we have developed <strong>ecological niche models for HPAI case in both wild and domestic birds</strong> while considering two distinct periods: 2015-2020 and 2020-2022. Key environmental predictors include <strong>chicken and duck population density, human density, distance to water bodies, and several land cover variables</strong>. Post-2020, we observe a notable increase in the relative importance of some of these predictors, such as <strong>intensive chicken population density and cultivated vegetation</strong>. The resulting risk maps reveal notable ecological suitability for local HPAI H5 circulation in <strong>Europe, Asia, as well as North and South America</strong>, with notable expansions of the areas at risk post-2020. The spatial distribution of HPAI H5 occurrences in <strong>wild birds appears to be primarily influenced by urban areas and open water regions.</strong> Overall, global risk maps derived from our models identify regions at risk where surveillance and control measures should be prioritised. Finally, our analyses also highlight <strong>a shift in the diversity of species affected </strong>by HPAI outbreaks, with a higher variety of avian species, particularly <strong>sea birds</strong>, being impacted post-2020. This increased diversity suggests that ecological shifts in HPAI H5 circulation may be accompanied by a broader range of susceptible species. Overall, these results further contribute to the understanding of HPAI epidemiology.</p><p>____</p><p><span></span></p><p><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/abstract/" target="_blank">#abstract</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/avian-influenza-2/" target="_blank">#avianInfluenza</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/avian-influenza/" target="_blank">#AVIANINFLUENZA</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/bird-flu/" target="_blank">#birdFlu</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/h5n1/" target="_blank">#h5n1</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/health/" target="_blank">#health</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/news/" target="_blank">#news</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/poultry-2/" target="_blank">#poultry</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/research-2/" target="_blank">#research</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/wild-birds/" target="_blank">#WILDBIRDS</a></p>
ETIDIoH<p><strong>Avian <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/influenza-2/" target="_blank">#influenza</a> A (#H5N1) virus in dairy <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/cattle/" target="_blank">#cattle</a>: #origin, <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/evolution/" target="_blank">#evolution</a>, and cross-species #transmission</strong></p><p>Source: mBio, <a href="https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mbio.02542-24" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mbio.02542-24</a> </p><p><strong><em><span>ABSTRACT</span></em></strong><br>Since the emergence of <strong>highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 of clade 2.3.4.4b </strong>as a novel reassortant virus from subtype <strong>H5N8</strong>, the virus has led to <strong>a massive number of outbreaks worldwide in wild and domestic birds</strong>. Compared to the parental HPAIV <strong>H5N8 clade 2.3.4.4b, </strong>the novel reassortant HPAIV <strong>H5N1 </strong>displayed <strong>an increased ability to escape species barriers </strong>and infect <strong>multiple mammalian species</strong>, including <strong>humans</strong>. The virus host range has been recently expanded to include <strong>ruminants</strong>, particularly <strong>dairy cattle </strong>in the United States, where <strong>cattle-to-cattle transmission </strong>was reported. As with the avian 2.3.4.4.b H5N1 viruses, the <strong>cattle-infecting virus </strong>was found to transmit from cattle to other contact animals including <strong>cats, raccoons, rodents, opossums, and poultry</strong>. Although <strong>replication of the virus in cows appears to be mainly confined to the mammary tissue</strong>, with high levels of <strong>viral loads </strong>detected in <strong>milk</strong>, infected <strong>cats and poultry </strong>showed <strong>severe respiratory disease</strong>, <strong>neurologic signs</strong>, and eventually died. Furthermore, <strong>several human infections </strong>with HPAIV H5N1 have also been reported in <strong>dairy farm workers </strong>and were attributed to exposures to infected dairy cattle. This is believed to represent the first <strong>mammalian-to-human transmission report of the HPAIV H5N1. </strong>Fortunately, <strong>infection in humans and cows</strong>, as opposed to other animals, appears to be <strong>mild in most cases</strong>. Nevertheless, the H5N1 <strong>bovine outbreak </strong>represents the largest outbreak of the H5N1 in a domestic mammal close to humans, <strong>increasing the risk that this already mammalian adapted H5N1 further adapts to human-to-human transmission and starts a pandemic</strong>. Herein, we discuss the epidemiology, evolution, pathogenesis, and <strong>potential impact </strong>of the recently identified HPAIV H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b in dairy cattle in the United States. Eventually, interdisciplinary cooperation under a One Health framework is required to be able to control this ongoing HPAIV H5N1 outbreak to stop it before further expansion of its host range and geographical distribution.</p><p>_____</p><p><span></span></p><p><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/ah5n1-2/" target="_blank">#aH5n1</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/ah5n8-2/" target="_blank">#aH5n8</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/abstract/" target="_blank">#abstract</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/avian-influenza-2/" target="_blank">#avianInfluenza</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/avian-influenza/" target="_blank">#AVIANINFLUENZA</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/bird-flu/" target="_blank">#birdFlu</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/cats-2/" target="_blank">#cats</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/dairy-cow/" target="_blank">#dairyCow</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/h5n1/" target="_blank">#h5n1</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/health/" target="_blank">#health</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/human-2/" target="_blank">#human</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/news/" target="_blank">#news</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/pandemic-influenza-2/" target="_blank">#pandemicInfluenza</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/poultry-2/" target="_blank">#poultry</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/reassortant-strain-2/" target="_blank">#reassortantStrain</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/research-2/" target="_blank">#research</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/tag/usa/" target="_blank">#USA</a></p>
Giuseppe Michieli<p><a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/Canada" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Canada</span></a> {B.C.} – High pathogenicity avian <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/influenza" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>influenza</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/H5N2" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>H5N2</span></a> viruses (<a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/poultry" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>poultry</span></a>) (Inf. with) – Immediate notification</p><p>Source: WOAH, On November 1st 2024, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) was notified of high mortality in a commercial layer farm in the Fraser Valley in British Columbia. The CFIA National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease has confirmed that the virus was H5N2. The virus has HA cleavage site motif “PLREKRRKR/GLF” consistent with highly pathogenic…</p><p><a href="https://etidioh.wordpress.com/2024/11/12/canada-b-c-high-pathogenicity-avian-influenza-h5n2-viruses-poultry-inf-with-immediate-notification/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">etidioh.wordpress.com/2024/11/</span><span class="invisible">12/canada-b-c-high-pathogenicity-avian-influenza-h5n2-viruses-poultry-inf-with-immediate-notification/</span></a></p>
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